Number base convertion ( Tutorial )

Decimal To binary Question 1: Convert 112 from decimal to binary. 112 = 64 + 32 + 16 = 1×26 + 1×25 + 1×24 + 0×23 + 0×22 + 0×21 + 0×20 = 11100002 Question 2: Convert 25673 from decimal to binary. 25673 = 16384 + 8192 +...

Chapter 7 (Calculation part)

Equal stages have non-pipelining and pipelining. n=number of instruction k=stage t=delay/cycle time Total time of  Non pipelining formula of Non-pipelining(To)=n*k*t Pipelining formula of pipelining(Tk)=(k+(n-1))*t Speedup =To/Tk Throughput of Non-pipelining=n/(To) Pipelining=n/(Tk) Example: Calculate what is the total processing time, throughput and speedup of 100 instructions that have a 4 equal stages of...

Number Bases

Binary [Base 2] Octal [Base 8] Decimal [Base 10] Hexadecimal [Base 16] The Decimal Number System The Base 10 number system uses the digits : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The Decimal Number System (denary representation) uses base 10. It includes the digits...

Introduction to Data Representation

Arithmetic Logic Unit everything else in the computer is there to serviice this unit Handles Integers. Does the calculations. may handle floaing point numbers.  Data Types  epresented in binary-coded form only have 0&1 to represent everything can be classified to these categories:         Numbers used...

INPUT/OUTPUT TECHNIQUES

There are 3 type of I/O techniques: i)   Programmed ii)  Interrupt driven iii) Direct Memory Access (DMA) i) Programmed I/O; here, data is exchanged between the processor and the I/O module. The CPU has direct control over the I/O. programmed I/o wastes CPU time. Programmed I/O detail:...

I/O module function and mapping

I/O module function: Control and Timing; this coordinates the flow of traffic between external devices and internal resources. CPU Communication; this involves command decoding in I/O module, data exchange through data bus, etc. Device Communication; involves commands, status information and data. Data Buffering; the data are buffered in...

External I/O Devices

External I/O Devices: There are three categories of external devices; i) Human readable o  Suitable to communicate with the computer users o  Screen, printer, keyboard ii) Machine readable o  Suitable to communicate with the equipment o  Monitoring and control o  Magnetic disk and tape systems, sensors and actuators...